Difference between a metal and a non metal
What are metals? How can you distinguish a non metal from a metal? Searching for examples of metals and non metals? Are metals good conductors of electricity? Check out this post to know interesting facts of metals and non metals regarding its physical property, chemical property, examples and many more.
Metals and non metals are common words used in Chemistry. Do you know the actual meaning of these 2 words? First of all, lets start with elements. There are all together 118 elements in periodic table as of 2016. These elements are classified as metals and non metals based on their physical and chemical properties. Common examples of metals are alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, actinides and lanthanides. Examples for non metals are hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, oxygen, sulfur, selenium, halogens and noble gases.
Generally we can say that metals are non transparent and have the property of giving a bell like sound if we struck. They also have the tendency to lose electron in a chemical reaction and are considered as good reducing agents. They can even form basic oxides. But non metals are transparent and good oxidising agents. They won't give any special sounds when struck and have a special tendency to form acidic oxides.
First lets check the names and symbols of elements present in each metallic and non metallic group of periodic table. Alkali metal are group 1 elements which include Lithium(Li), Sodium(Na), Potassium(K), Rubidium(Rb), Caesium(Cs) and Francium(Fr). Alkaline earth metals are group 2 elements of periodic table that includes Beryllium(Be), Magnesium(Mg), Calcium(Ca), Strontium(Sr), Barium(Ba) and Radium(Ra). Transition metals are Scandium(Sc), Titanium(Ti), Vanadium(V), Chromium(Cr), Manganese(Mn), Iron(Fe), Cobalt(Co), Nickel(Ni), Copper(Cu), Zinc(Zn), Yttrium(Y), Zirconium(Zr), Niobium(Nb), Molybdenum(Mo), Technetium(Tc), Ruthenium(Ru), Rhodium(Rh), Palladium(Pd), Silver(Ag), Cadmium(Cd), Hafnium(Hf), Tantalum(Ta), Tungsten(W), Rhenium(Re), Osmium(Os), Iridium(Ir), Platinum(Pt), Gold(Au), Mercury(Hg), Rutherfordium(Rf), Dubnium(Db), Seaborgium(Sg), Bohrium(Bh), Hassium(Hs), Meitnerium(Mt), Ununnilium(Uun), Unununium(Uuu) and Ununbium(Uub). Elements of halogen family are Fluorine(F), Chlorine(Cl), Bromine(Br), Iodine(I) and Astatine(At) while the noble gas elements include Helium(He), Neon(Ne), Argon(Ar), Krypton(Kr), Xenon(Xe) and Radon(Rn) respectively. If you learn the names and symbols of each group elements, then it will be easy for you to give examples for metals and non metals. Lets check out the other special properties of these metals and non metals(Some I have mentioned above).
Examples of metals having shiny appearance include Gold and Silver.
Examples of metals that are good conductors of heat and electricity include Iron, Copper, Aluminium, Gold and Silver.
Fluorine is the element with high electronegativity while Actinium has low electronegativity.
Common reducing agents are Iron, Zinc and Lithium while common oxidising agents are halogens.
Carbon is the element with highest melting point while Helium has low melting point.
Examples of metals that can be hammered include Gold and Silver.
Examples of ductile metals are Copper, Aluminium, Iron and Magnesium.
Metals and nonmetals are two distinct categories of elements on the periodic table. Here are some differences between metals and nonmetals, along with examples of each:
Physical properties: Metals are typically shiny, malleable, ductile, and good conductors of heat and electricity. Nonmetals, on the other hand, are generally dull, brittle, non-malleable, non-ductile, and poor conductors of heat and electricity.
Chemical properties: Metals tend to form cations (positive ions) when they undergo chemical reactions, whereas nonmetals tend to form anions (negative ions).
Location on the periodic table: Metals are typically located on the left side and center of the periodic table, while nonmetals are located on the right side of the table.
Examples of metals include:
Iron (Fe)
Aluminum (Al)
Copper (Cu)
Examples of nonmetals include:
Oxygen (O)
Chlorine (Cl)
Nitrogen (N)
In summary, the main differences between metals and nonmetals include their physical and chemical properties, as well as their location on the periodic table. While metals are generally shiny, malleable, and good conductors of heat and electricity, nonmetals are usually dull, brittle, and poor conductors of heat and electricity.